Battery, Capacitor, Buzzer, Switch & Breadboard

• An electronic component is a physical part used in an electronic circuit to perform a particular function.

For example:

• A battery provides electrical energy.
• A switch controls whether a circuit is connected or disconnected.
• A capacitor stores electrical energy temporarily.
• A buzzer produces sound.
• A breadboard helps us build circuits without soldering.

Think of components as the building blocks of an electronic circuit.

A battery is a source of electrical energy that provides a voltage to a circuit.

A battery has two terminals:

• Positive (+)
• Negative (−)

For example, a typical AA battery provides about 1.5 V.

A 9 V battery provides approximately 9 V.

When we connect a complete circuit to a battery, the battery provides the electrical potential that allows current to flow.

A capacitor is an electronic component that can store electrical energy temporarily.

A capacitor has two terminals.

A simple capacitor symbol looks like:

Capacitors are commonly used for:

Storing electrical energy temporarily
Smoothing voltage
Filtering electrical signals
Reducing unwanted electrical noise
Timing circuits
Helping electronic circuits operate correctly

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We will learn more about capacitors and their applications as we progress.